This is the most common type of reinforcement for regular rcc structures. Using specialized concrete pumps reduces the labour as less handling is required since concrete can be placed directly at the desired location. Vibrators are commonly used as a way of compacting concrete on site. In this article, ill give a detailed explanation of each slab where to use particular slab. A mixture of cement and water is called cement paste. Each type is manufactured to meet certain physical and chemical requirements for speci. The concrete block is a construction material composed of portland cement, sand, water and other additives that are used to replace concrete cast in the construction of walls, shoes and many other. Examples are fly ash silica fume rice husk ash metakaolin pozzolanic action. Concrete in its green form can be molded into any shape, size, and finish with the help of different finishing techniques and equipment to give a beautiful and longlasting surface with a high aesthetic value. In pavement construction, three different concrete pavement design types are commonly used. There are 3 common types of concrete joints as outlined bellows. Many types of premixed concrete are available which include powdered cement mixed with an aggregate, needing only water.
They are extremely versatile construction materials that have various uses at events, homes, and for storage purposes. Standard readymix concrete is the most common form of concrete. Pervious concrete this allows water to drain naturally through it, and can both remove the normal surface water drainage infrastructure, and allow replenishment of groundwater when conventional concrete does not. Concrete mix design definition concrete mix design is defined as the appropriate selection and proportioning of constituents to produce a concrete with predefined characteristics in the fresh and hardened states. However, most commonly used fibers are steel and glass fibers. Concrete pavement basics page 1 1 types of concrete pavements the first concrete road was built in 1893 in bellefontaine, oh and it is still in service today. Different types of concrete are produced based on the constituent material, mix design, the method of construction, area of application, form of hydration reaction. P 100k l w frost line soil unit weight 110 pcf 40 20 slab on grade, surcharge weight 120 psf. Cemex has a wide range of products and services, including technical support for its different types of readymix concrete. Jointed plain concrete pavement jpcp jointed reinforced concrete pavement jrcp. In concrete technology, a variety of typenames has been used for different types of. Type of cement different types of cement will affect concrete properties. Cements composition, types finish up cement manufacture properties of component phases types of cements chapter 2 properties of concrete neville chapter 6 concrete.
At times, artificial aggregates, such as blastfurnace slag or specially burned clay, are used. A concrete pump is a kind of equipment used for transferring liquid concrete by pumping at construction sites. Workers placing and vibrating concrete on a bridge deck including epoxycoated. Concrete pumps are the best option for placing concrete at the construction site at a faster rate. Different types of concrete have been developed for application in various types of construction works. Concrete, an artificial stonelike mass, is the composite material that is created by mixing binding material cement or lime along with the aggregate sand, gravel, stone, brick chips, etc. Wherever there is any inkling of infrastructure, one can almost always find concrete there as well. In addition to normal concrete, other varieties in use are, high strength and high performance concrete, self compacting, light weight, high density, fibre reinforced, polymer, coloured concrete etc. Aggregates are divided into two types as follows fine aggregate. Wood floats create the courser textures while aluminum floats or steel trowels will create medium or smoother finishes. Coarser sands are also a popular aggregate for concrete mixes. Since that pioneering project, concrete pavements have been refined into five primary types.
Pdf on jul 6, 2016, aqeel chkheiwer and others published compressive strength of different types of concrete by. Yet, all come with approved mortar, reinforcing bars and paste material. Granite is a types of felsic intrusive igneous rock. Below are a few examples of readymix concrete technologies with special properties and performance.
He has worked as a content writer for gharpedia for last 3 years. In concrete technology, a variety of typenames has been used for different types of concrete. Although concrete is a very strong building material, it does have its limits. A traditional foundation method to support a structure in an area where the ground freezes. Concrete, steel slag, waste glass, lightweight aggregate, mechanical properties, fire resistance. The concrete is a versatile construction material used all over the world for all types of construction applications. Different types of concrete mixers are used at the construction sites which include transit mixer, self loading concrete transit mixers, hand fed types of concrete mixer etc.
Properties of different grades of concrete using mix. A reinforced concrete footing fig 2 supports a 12x12 column reaction p100 kips at the top of footing. The water to cement ratio too much water and not enough cement means concrete will be weaker and less durable. It is suitable for all uses when the special properties of the other types are not required. P 100k 7ft 5ft frost line soil unit weight 110 pcf 40 20 m 50 kft. It is prepared for delivery at a concrete plant instead. American concrete institute aci standard 116r90 aci 1990b reason for different types of definition. But not every concrete mix is the same, and depending on what you are aiming to achieve, you need to get a concrete mix that is fit for purpose. Different types of concrete grades and their uses base concrete. Finer sands are a good aggregate for mortars and grouts. Below are some useful links for understanding concrete foundations, along with the three types of concrete foundations. More care must be used in handling crushed aggregate to prevent poor mixtures and improper dispersion of the sizes through the finished concrete. In conclusion, different types of concrete blocks are designed and manufactured for different purposes.
Of different types of concrete, shotcrete is often used as a quick fix for weathering for loose soil types in construction zones. Pdf identifying the reference time for determining the. In general, concrete mixes are designed in order to achieve a defined workability, strength and durability. They can greatly reduce water demand and cement contents and make low watercement ratio, highstrength concrete admixtures for concrete. Material properties of concrete with different types of aggregates. Portland cement concrete mixtures to increase the longterm strength and other material properties of portland cement concrete and in some cases reduce the material cost of concrete.
Concrete is one of the most commonly used construction materials in the world. These types of finishes allow patterns to be made on the concrete. Here in this article, well discuss the importance, ingredients, and types of concrete in details. Whether you are looking for the right domestic or commercial concrete mix for your construction job, or are just curious about the different grades of concrete and would like to know more, read on to get an understanding of these different types of concrete and their uses, or get in contact today by calling us on 01442 389105. The water to cement ratio wc is the weight of the water divided by the weight of cement. Type of cement different types of cement will affect concrete properties, eg how quickly or slowly concrete gains strength. Regular concrete can typically withstand a pressure from about 10 mpa 1450 psi to 40 mpa 5800 psi, with lighter duty uses such as blinding concrete having a much lower mpa rating than structural concrete. There are many variations of concrete slabs depending on the purpose of the slab. Concrete can be placed easily and at a faster rate at inaccessible sites. It is available in sizes such as 100x200x400mm, 200x200x400mm, 150x200x400mm and so on. Based on the soil test, allowable bearing capacity of soil is 5 ksf.
There are four different types of concrete flat slabs. The texture created can be coarse, medium, or smooth depending on the tool used to impart the pattern. Check the adequacy of the footing based on bearing pressure. Overview concrete is most vital material in modern construction. Types of concrete blocks characteristics of different.
From the result of the sieve analysis, it shows that the sands used for the experiment is a well graded sand of zone 1 of bs882 parts 2 1973. This paper gives an overview of the various types of mixing methods and concrete mixers commercially available used by the concrete industry. Different types of concrete finishes stamped concrete. Different types of concrete by nice engineering youtube.
Typically, there are twentyfour different types of concrete used in the building and construction industry depending on the type of construction. A reinforced concrete footing fig 3 supports a 12x12 column reaction p100 kips at the top of footing. Gharpedia is a knowledge sharing website where the information regarding house related problems. The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics exhibited by three different grades of concrete using mix design approach. Tensile behaviour of reinforced ultrahigh performance fiber reinforced concrete elements pdf. There are a few different concrete finishes available for you to choose from application, budget and personal taste determines which concrete finish is perfect for your concrete project in a moment you become aware as to the four basic types of concrete finishes slick finished concrete, broom finished concrete, exposed aggregate concrete and stamped. Explanation of different types of concrete are as below. The difference between interior and exterior stained concrete floors are the extra steps we take to create the feel of a completely finished surface although it is a concrete floor, it will seem like you are walking on a prefabricated marble or tile. Types of steel reinforcement used in concrete structures. Details of these various types of concrete, their properties and applications are discussed.
There is no need for using a vibrator or doing manual compaction. Concrete is produced in a variety of compositions, finishes and performance characteristics to. There are 16 different types of slabs in construction. There are plenty of different purposes people have for concrete. Different types of concrete grades and their uses base.
There are mainly 4 types of steel reinforcement used in concrete structures. Some of them are outdated and many of them are frequently used everywhere. Vibrations can either be produced in the interior of the concrete. In case of vibration, compacting gets effected by reduction in internal friction between various particles of concrete due to oscillation of particles which results in a dense and compact mass of concrete. Contraction joints are purposely installed joints designed to regulate cracking that might otherwise occur due to the unavoidable, often unpredictable, contraction of concrete. Other types of fibers used for concrete reinforcement include carbon fibers, organic or natural fibers, asbestos fibers and polypropylene fibers. Workability is that property of freshly mixed concrete or mortar which determines the ease and homogeneity with which it can be mixed, placed, consolidated and finished. What are the different types of concrete finishes and. Normal concrete the concrete in which common ingredients i. A variety is seen between definitions of workability because it is not. Placing excessive amounts of weight on top of a concrete slab can cause cracking. Different types of concrete are produced based on the constituent material, mix design, the method of construction, area of application, form.
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